Early in the design process computer-based sketch models can illustrate proposed design themes. Then accurate CAD models can be used interactively to trial alternative design details, interior layouts, colours and finishes. Options are rapidly explored and honed down to a preferred solution.
Animations or interactive walkthroughs can be used to explore how the preferred solution will appear to the user and how it will handle specific situations. Exterior forms and liveries can be developed and evaluated by placing 3D CAD models within photos or videos of their service environments.
The primary role of all these computer-based techniques is to develop and pre-test a range of design proposals quickly and cost effectively, avoiding the need for multiple physical mock-ups.